The 10-layer DaaS stack
From application down to silicon
Each layer is independently coordinated by tokenised incentives. Together, they replace the integrated stack of a hyperscale cloud provider, without the gatekeeper.
All ten layers, top down.
Application
Web3 dApps and enterprise platforms. This is where end users meet the stack.
Components
- •Web apps
- •Mobile clients
- •Internal tools
Technologies
Developer Platform
SDKs, contracts and analytics that turn the stack into a buildable platform.
Components
- •karoowa-sdk
- •Contracts runtime
- •Analytics
Technologies
API & Integration
REST and GraphQL endpoints. The integration surface that makes DaaS feel like cloud.
Components
- •REST API
- •GraphQL
- •Webhooks
- •OAuth
Technologies
Identity & Security
Wallet identity, federated SSO, key management, audit trails.
Components
- •MMXX Identity
- •DIDs
- •Verifiable credentials
Technologies
Middleware
Node orchestration, indexing and RPC. The plumbing that translates user intent into network operations.
Components
- •RPC routing
- •Indexing services
- •Job queues
Technologies
Smart Contracts
EVM and WASM runtimes. The deterministic execution environment.
Components
- •EVM
- •WASM
- •Move VM
Technologies
Storage
Distributed file systems and content addressing. Replaces S3 and object storage.
Components
- •Object storage
- •Content addressing
- •Pinning
Technologies
Consensus
Proof of Stake and BFT variants. This is where the network agrees on truth.
Components
- •Validator set
- •BFT consensus
- •Finality gadgets
Technologies
Node Infrastructure
Validators and full nodes. The operators staking capital to secure the network.
Components
- •Validator nodes
- •Full nodes
- •Light clients
Technologies
Physical Infrastructure
GPU clusters, edge compute, and storage hardware. The actual silicon.
Components
- •GPUs
- •Storage
- •Bandwidth
- •Energy
Technologies
Centralised cloud vs. MMXX DaaS
The shift isn't a like-for-like swap. Every operational primitive maps to a verifiable, decentralised equivalent.
Ready to build on decentralised infrastructure?
Tell us about your project. We will come back with an honest assessment of whether DaaS is the right rail for it.